The subjects of ADP and areas miss� the information technology is adapted: Global, Kansallinen, Yritys and Yhteis� administration Production control Operation control Private operation Viestint� Education Study L��ketiede Traffic Sodank�ynti Entertainment Merged ADP MAKING AND INTEGRATION OF Esa Vitikka SOFTWARE FOREWORDS DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOFTWARE STAGES ASSEMBLER HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGES OBJECT PROGRAMMING COMPONENT PROGRAMMING APPLICATION GENERATORS DATABASES INTERFACES CASE PROGRAMMING TEKO�LY PROGRAMMING INTERNET et cetera. NETWORKS PROGRAMMING CUSTOMER/SERVER (Client/Server) PROGRAMMING FILE SERVER (Fileserver) PROGRAMMING MONIKANTA ARCHITECTURE PROGRAMMING PARALLEL PROCESSING VALMISOHJELMA MIT� SOFTWARE ON MARKET TEHD��N PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE FOREWORDS The programming for languages and for different generators is available many books but in the building of Sovelluss t�rm�� and the v�h�n instructions are the yhdist�miseen of separate languages and generators (in other words to the integration) available for it. The N�m� instructions have been made to facilitate the act of v�h�n Sovelluss and to t�ss� keskityt��n PC computers being k�ytt�j�rjestelm� available and the development of applications to the programs. An attempt has been made to simplify instructions. T�h�n I have got information from an own experience, from teachers, from books and lehdist�. To adapt k�yt�nt�� n. Programs l�hinn� is a processor perhett�, Tietokones, being touching, an introduction, programs, each one, for example Bios k�ytt�j�rjestelmi� nelj�� is 3 the miss� programs are run one time is equally divided on different programs at a time which separate tyyppi� 1.er� run yhdess� er�ss� m��r�tyss� j�rjestyksess� 2. time division miss� processor. Real time the k�ytt�j�rjestelm� miss� programs are distributed, separate teht�viin and each teht�v� gets a teht�v�t keskeytt�v�t processor according to the time t�rkeys j�rjestyksen from the processor and the execution j�rjestyksen gets m��r�tyn to them according to the control. 4. The network k�ytt�j�rjestelm�t mitk� distributes the resources of the network. Then for example the separate programming will be programmed software varusohjelma, the k��nt�j�t and l�himp�n� k�ytt�j�� of languages are applications for an ADP purpose. Programs miss� is character based, all editing, tehd��n n�pp�imist�ll� but t�n� p�iv�n� is graphics based, my�s, miss�, the editing can give commands, my�s hiirell�, the so-called visual programs, its mink� n�, not, so you get the software WYSIWYC. In the programming p��s��nt�isesti is three structures: PER�KK�ISRAKENNE: a program k�skyj� per�kk� is made, in and k�skyt are performed, siin� j�rjestyksess�. BRANCHING: k�sky or k�skyt is performed two or more according to separate branch. LOOP: k�sky or k�skyt and hyp�t��n are performed to perform them again. Somewhere assemplereissa is a repetition, viel� but the loop means the same. N�ill� under construction the programming is got through supposing ett�, k�skyt, functions, classes and components separate kieliss� and kehittimiss� are tehd� plus a lot are known, which, ett�, niit�, can yourself. To know T�ytyy my�s on the said structures tekem��n edell� algorithms to solve mathematical and the transfer of the information in other words problems. The interface of different programs and library k�skyt are tiedett�v� when software is integrated, t�m� indeed is problematic teht�v� because, a program, the versions change and there are a lot of interfaces and n�, being my�s k�skyj� is in a lot. To know T�ytyy programs and their interfaces (in other words k�skyt how an interface k�ytet��n) ett�, yhdistelem��n niit� is able to do well the applications teht�ess�. Certainly butter of the application tehd� only yhdell� kielell� or kehittimell� but often ty� will be needed particularly in the more versatile applications mik�, the yhdist�mist� of more things is a way, efficient programming, when k�ytt�� feels ready material. Or k�ytt�� sit� eik� when the tiet��, ett� program or software is tehd� so already ready, other than have to be learned, the program k�ytt�. To know T�ytyy my�s to the act process of software k�ytetyt stages and menetelm�t. The COMPUTER can fall and can sort information siirt�� ADP and programming are teht�v�t such. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOFTWARE STAGES REPORT The report at the stage will be inquired, mik� is teht�v� and is it worthwhile to begin it possibly costs tehd� sek� mit�, sit�. M��rittely Teht�v�n t�sment�minen is marked off the mit� program, tehd� and mit� will come, not. K�ytt�liittym�n planning. Sy�tt�/output m��rittely of information information types and notation. Planning of error situations. Ymp�ristovaatimukset k�ytett�v�t machines, programs and K�ytt�j�t. PLANNING J�sentely and division osateht�viin or planning of objects. Planning of data structures. planning of algorithms and focusing of solutions. Planning of the testing. IMPLEMENTATION TESTING K�YTT�� NOTTO YLL� HOLDING ASSEMBLER Computer ymm�rt�� ""only ykk�si�" or zeros" the making of n�ill� programs is ty�l�st� and requires much information and time. Following Edellisest� was developed, an assembly language, the ASSEMBLER, miss� ohjelmak�skyj� are described with symbols for example, ADD=add in, it was possible to facilitate programming but information about the machine, the MOV=siirr� etc., n� was further needed. Every one has a keskusyksik�ll� (on the processor), the own assembler told every k��nnet��n k��nt�j�ll� and the code of the machine ymm�rt�m�� is obtained. The assembler told, it is efficient but viel�kin for the time viev��. HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE Lausekieli� was developed to accelerate and to facilitate the making of the programs, niit� is Basic, Cobol, Fortran, C and etc.. The statement language program consists of statements and the time viev�� is v�hemm�n and the tehd� programs niill� as on the assembler an easier one. Yhdistet��n assembler when sometimes one wants tehd�, however, more efficient ones of some parts of the program or when lausekielell� does not feel parts so to high level language, for example C:ss� yhdist�minen will take place ASM k�skyll�. Often k�ytt�j�rjestelmi� teht�ess� is written with the assembler parts. Statement languages support the structured programming, siin� teht�v� is divided into smaller parts or teht�viin and a program niist� is collected. Lausekieliss� k�ytet��n or tehtyj� itself the functions niill� are a quick custom to build k�ytt�liittymi� a lot ready or other to the application liittyv��. OLIOOHJELMOINTI Object kehitt�� was begun the bigger software kehitt�mist� to facilitate programming. Object supporting the programming kieli� is for example C++, JAVA, SMALTALK and separate sovelluskehittimi�. When designing a program, the program teht�ess� is divided and written into teht�v� Olios classes, niist�. The object in the programming is written in the l�hde code, the classes or l�hdekoodissa is called from the libraries ready classes in the one to be performed. The class becomes an object in question a type when, the variable m��ritell��n, a class. For the object my�s can be reserved, the memory RAM:mista. The object in the programming can be created in which there are information and functions classes in the same packet. N� in being belonging to it the packet manages teht�v�t without needing tiet�� how it has been made. The program is built from the classes, n�ist�, periyty� is�nt� feels them from the class and tehd� is not needing the whole class again. The planning and doing of bigger programs stay better with the help of the describing objects, k�siss�, true el�m��. COMPONENT PROGRAMMING Component in the programming the programs are built under construction with calls concerning a separate component, programming and. Some of the components are for example Aktivx and javabeans which are similar packets as the information and the functions can program the classes to them but the component is separate teht�v�� in the electronics a lot k�ytetty, a word, the electronic card is built from performing components. The component exists libraries ready and niit� can program itself, my�s, component can be ymm�rrett�v� more easily to one another than an object. APPLICATION GENERATORS The application kehittimi� is available with batches for type applications, however, most of them are developed database based, niill� is quicker the kehitt�� applications statement and object kielill� when when, tarvi not tehd� vamiiksi hyv�ksi self experienced or the k�sittely of the outputs of ready programs ways for example saving, search of the information. The application kehittimi� is a program, the for example Acces, Paradox, Oracle and Director n�iss� programs are built on the structures and Tehokass on constructive the program and k�skyill� objects, components. Program structures tehd��n edell� mentioned or the application generator on an own one kielill� describing the same structures kielell�. DATABASES The databases will be totally programmed, programming, it will be much quicker when tehd� itself does not need everything to build the kielell� but sovelluskehittimell� program suitable to the purpose, either when tehd� is not known or everything self. In the databases my�s is SQL mill� tehd��n to the database, the own query language that has been structured, inquiries and p�ivitykset. My�s liitty� feels the software v�lityksell� to the database from the second kielest� or sovelluskehittimest� one especially, an interface, for example ODBC, inquiries or p�ivitykset tehd��n yleens�, SQL kielell� and an interface, k�ytt�vill� k�skyill� (on the functions). The structure of the database is the following: Database name index File Table Kentt� Sign Bit INTERFACES The objects, components have interfaces, liittymisill� to the eritietokanta and on the separate programs. Their k�ytt�misess� needs tiet�� k�skyt and objects. CASE PROGRAMMING The CASE is Tietokone, the avusteinen making of the software and the software is designed on something kehitetyll� menetelm�ll� niit� is jarakennetaan more. The CASE supports, the development menetelm�� m��rittely� of the whole software, planning and the program tekemist�. The software m��ritell��n is and designed graphically, on the forms, controls and the CASE program encodes a ready program automatically from the result to the language supported by it. TEKO�LYOHJELMOINTI Teko�ly is the �lyn of the human being adapting to the ymm�rt�m��n form of the computer. If ten else and logic can build the Teko�ly applications on the structures simplified. INTERNET et cetera. NETWORKS PROGRAMMING In the network the devices of Tietokones connected to it are felt and the program distributes resources between each other. CUSTOMER/SERVER (Client/Server) PROGRAMMING The programs have been distributed, I served kytketyill� and customer they can be located to the programs either on the same machine or to the same network, on the separate machines. Customer when, the program takes v�ltt�m�tt� tied� mist� so to the program, the customer not, I served, the program to advocate a file or service, the yhteytt� server searches for. FILE SERVER (Fileserver) PROGRAMMING When the program that has been connected to a computer or network or k�ytt�j� searches for the file or the service so tiet�� that file of the exact address or service to the path. MONIKANTA ARCHITECTURE PROGRAMMING It is similar like a customer/a server, v�liin lis�ttyn�, the application server mink�, a program, however, the information is processed to it via. N� in is felt from different machines the same application software, k�ytt��. PARALLEL PROCESSING The programs are divided into yokes, separate s� and niit� are driven either in more processors of the same machine or to the network for the time in the kytketyiss� machines, yht�. If the yokes have been built for one processor so if one is necessary, s� will be alternately driven in the processor and information will be changed, their v�lill�. A yht� p�� application which takes care of the exchange of information and teht� is driven in the parallel processing, I take the division to other processors of a network or machine. In the parallel processing there is two techniques siin� either the same memory or own memories, the processors k�ytt�v�t. VALMISOHJELMA The Valmisohjelma are applications mitk� that have been made with the edellisill� techniques, teht�v�� or teht�vi� serve, after marking off something carefully. MIT� SOFTWARE ON MARKET TEHD��N The programming targets is limitless m��r� but targets as follows butter ryhmitell�. There are k�ytt�j�rjestelm�t and erinlaiset ty� the liittyvi� programs to different languages for the computer itself, the thing programs as k��nt�j�t tekstink�sittely, and ��nen k�sittely of the picture. Next the merged programs will come in many respects to the hardware, which, liittyv�t, elierinlaisia, electronic devices where a processor or logic is needed programs. Then erinlaiset will come a calculation, telecommunications, the programs lis�ksi almost always it is hurried, siirt�m��n, information about one position to another. Next the office will come, the software which yleens� k�ytt�� my�s feels in the home circumstances. Then there will be the programs for example needed by the companies: Financial management bookkeeping and personal ledgers et cetera. Materials management stock accounting and to it liittyv��. Henkil�st� administration Palkanlaskenta. The operation control mik� describes the operation of the company. Production control miss� yhdistet��n automation and traditional ADP. Databases almost all liittyv� is felt to the companies, tehd� tietokantakehittimill�. Multimedia Inter, intra and Ekstranet Asiantuntijaj�rjestelm�t Simulation